Internal-combustion engine



C. W. GOODZNG; JR.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLiCATION HLED FEB. l. 1919.

Patented Feb. 10,1920.

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INTERNAL COMBUSHON ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1. 1519" 1,3 4 "Rammed Feb. 10,1920.

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XNTERNAL-COMBUSTION EI'Gl NE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 1, 19H. Serial No. 274,431.

'1 0 all whom it may concern. I

Be it known that 1, CHARLES W. Goonme, J11, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVilniing'ton, county of New Castle, and State of Delaware, have invented a new and useful Improvement in. internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

hly invention relates to rotary internal combustion engines and particularly to those applicable to automobile, motor boat and aeroplane uses, when very high speed is desired combined with steadiness of running.

One type of such an engine issct forth in a patent granted to me December 7, 1915, No. 1,162,142, wherein pistons or vanes r0- tatable in. a piston chamber at difl'erential and variable speeds on a common are connected by gearing with a driven member, such as a fly-wheel; said gearingcomprising gear wheels, pinions, crank arms and links, the shafts of the pinions and crank arms turning in hearings in a standard and being out of line with, but parallel with, the axes of the vanes and flywheel.

My invention comprises certain features of this patented engine but differs therefrom in important, if not essential, particulars. In explosive engines of the rotary typeit is the universal experience that-gearing of any kind is highly objectionable, as it is dilii cult or impossible to so construct and arrange the gearing as to enable it to with stand the excessive shocks to which it is subjected by the sudden impulses imparted to the mechanism by the. exi'ilosive character of the motive power. Moreover, it is more or less objectionable to support any part of the intermediate mechanism in independent bearings. especially where they are out of line with the common axis of the piston chamber and the driven member. Most rotary internal combustion engines are open to objections of a similar character.

It is the object of my invention to substitute for the gearing of my said patent an entirely different mechanism so constructed and arranged as to be adapted to resist all the shocks and strains to which it would necessarily be subjected. In its preferable embodiment such mechanism comprises aeooperation with turnable clccam whose transmitting mechanism ment-s of the power determines the dilierential movements of the two pistons or sets of pistons. The invention is capable of various specific embodiments but it will sufi'ice to illustrate and describe onespecific embodiment which, as compared, :With others, presents the advantages of maxinuim simplicity of construction and sn' oothness of operation.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevational View partly in section.

Figs. 2 and 3 are sections on the line 2-3 of Fig. 1, showing the power transmitting mechanism in different positions.

and 7 are diagrams showing; the relative angular positions of the vanes at successive steps in the cycle.

The cylinder (.1. is mounted on the base plate b, and contains the two diametral pistons consisting; of vanes o, a" (Z, (Z. vanes c are connected to the enlarged portion 6 of a shaft or sleeve a, mounted. in hearings in the cylinder and its head f. Varies a, (5 are connected to a shaft or sleeve ,7, on sleeve 6, whose diameter is the same as the enlarged portion e of sleeve 0. Both sleeves turn on a shaft 71-. The cylindcr is provided with an inlet port and an exhaust port j and with a single spark plug 2;. A fan may he applied in the usual manner and the whpleincased in a drait't hood. ii desired, but such features are no part of the present invention and their illustration is unnecessary.

fiecurcd to mac oi the shaft he: rings at carried by the cylinder is a rad cam 0, which, in the specific embodiment shown, is of approximate elliptical or oval shape but provided with shallmv concavities along parts of" its circumference subtending the shortcr radii of the ellipse or oval. Sleeve 9 extends beyond earn 0 and carries a crosshcad p. Sleeve 6 extends beyond the end oi slccve and cross-head g2 and carries a cross-head (,1. 0n opposite ends of crosshead are pivotally mounted links 9", a". On opposite ends of cross-head (,7 are pivotally mounted links a, s. The adjacent ends of links a and r are turna'ble on pins 15. These links 1, r. s, 8, thus form a frahie shapedv like a parallelogram or rliombus the form of which deviates from a square to the extent that the cross-heads 79 and qr deviate from a perpendicular relation. Turnabl on the four pins. Z are roliers to which engage the operative face of the ca 1 0. Also turnable opposite pins 5 are aides w on the driven fixed the shaf; 1h he fly wheel israveb constantangular speed 11': an ular speed of rotation n; )1 axis of the engine and fly be impaired to the blocks o.

however, partake of the move- 11, which are forced out of a pa 'h by the cam blocks '1:

on ruler uuoila tiiw iheinselvesto this radial dis sliding on the guide in.

cam such that two diametriroliers a, "a, are moving away while the other two rollers are d the axis, and vice versa. The frame r, r, s, s, is thus confrom aright angled rhoman oblique angled rhonibus v imparts a variable anguu to the two cross-heads i d me we sleeves e and and 5w pistons (Z, (,Z and c, c. i i do, i ii, lave pistons, or two runes, are so connected together, by ism be wsen them and the driven inner, one piston turns rapidly oliucr turns slowly and then their s 'ieeos are reversed.

" 1' Lhus described the mechanism. for

3 llie pistons Willll variable and di lspeeds, the cycle of operations may i understood. Assume the pistons 1e posiiion shown in Fl T here 2 charge of explosive mixture (.5 and c, which at this moment ina: plug 1): and vane c is imas shown in Fig, 5, diseharg l 1% the spent gases of the preion l-l'llTJUgll exhaust At the c 0" has drawn a fresh charge llliillllu lne prec ding charge between L U parts are carried v expansion until in the position 1g. (3, when firing 01 the lasL charge takes place. Vane is oily sl aiiiimary at (his time, 2 u is impelled l'orward as shown 7 in this movement the spent gases rusted, a, charge of explosive mixture ",d between vanes 16 and c and. harge drawn inlo the cylinder. au-sion carrying (he parts .lorvaard lzo position, it will be seen that (be ixllli$ will occupy the posilion oi the pisons shown in Fig. only ll'llllHPUSCil the for the other. We have therefore been ou' h a hall revolution, the succeeding;- brine mace repetitions. llach vane as l lcl purl '1'. draws a charge into i i'linzler, at the same time con'ipressing ahead of it, the opposite vane Wnue receiving the impelling force 01 through port ,5 and an explosion and at the same time expelling spent gases from a COIHIMJ'lTH'lEHt ready for a new charge. Each piston is made alternately to do the work, while the other piston is held practically stationary.

Besides reducing),- friction to a minimum and providing mechanism which can easily absorb the shocks and strains transmitted by the explosive impulses of the motive power. it is obvious that the parts can be arranged and the cam. shaped lo impart to the rotating vanes any desired differential and variable speeds. Moreover, the provision of independently supported bearings and the transmission of power through mechanism turning on a plurality of non-coii'ieident axes are avoided, thereby eliminating all influences tending to twist the parts out of the exact alinement which it is desirable to maintain.

The moving parts in the mechanism are similar, symmetrical and so balanced that the engine may be run with equal facility in either direction, merely necessitating the transposition of the inlet and exhaust ports.

Having now fully described my invention, What I claim and. desire to protect by Letters Patent is.

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination. oi a piston chamber, pistons rotatable therein, a driven element, and dri ing mechanism between both pistons and the driven element; said mechanism comprising a fixed cam, members so coaching with the cam and so connected with the driven elemeucas to have imparted be them a combined constant, angular speed of rolation about a common axis and a radial in and out movement, and n'leclianism connecting; said members with the respective pistons adapted to imparl to the pistons differential an l variable speeds of rotation, said cam presci'itiug a coni'inuous Working face shaped to insure a continuous coaction between the cam and said members.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a piston chamber, pistons rotatable therein a driven element and driving mechanism between both pistons and the driven clement; said mechanism comprising a fixed cam, members so coaching with the cam and so connected with the driven element as to have imparted to them a combined constant angular speed of rotation ahoul, a common axis and a radial in and out movement, a common frame connected with said members, the parts of said frame being adapted to alter their relationship as the relaiivc distances of said. members from said common axis vary, shafts to which the respective pistons are secured and means connecting said shafts With the frame and adapted to impart to said shafts differential and variable speeds of rotation due to the alteration in relationship of the parts'of the frame, said cani being 0f an approximately oval contour but provided, on opposed sides, nearest its axes of rotation, with shallow concavities HffOIdlIlg working laces merging into those parts of the cam inure distant from its axis, thus allording a continuous working face with which all said members continuously and simultaneously coat-t.

In testimony of which invention, I have 10 hereunto set my hand at Philadelphia, Pan,

on this 22nd day of January, 1919.

CHARLES W. VGOODING, JR. 

